• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Prefabricated module for construction and associated modular building. It allows to maximize the completion in the workshop of the construction tasks of the building, minimizing the work to be done at the final destination point, being the module of the invention easily transportable and manageable, suitable for maritime transport, without the need to use standardized iso containers, comprising a support structure formed by a plurality of hot-shaped steel profiles (10) for vertical and horizontal support, and which in turn define a plurality of interior compartments; and a plurality of cold formed steel profiles (20), welded to the hot steel structure (10) to form the support for walls, roof and floor of the different rooms of the prefabricated module (1). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2551251A1
    申请号:ES201430707
    申请日:2014-05-14
    公开日:2015-11-17
    发明作者:Pedro REBOLLAR BULDAIN；Eduardo SÁNCHEZ VÁZQUEZ
    申请人:Pedro REBOLLAR BULDAIN；Eduardo SÁNCHEZ VÁZQUEZ；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    DESCRIPTION
    Prefabricated module for construction and associated modular building OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
    The present invention belongs to the construction sector, and more specifically to the modular construction of prefabricated buildings.
    The object of the present invention is a prefabricated module for construction, as well as the modular building constituted by a plurality of said modules, by means of which the finishing in workshop of the works and construction tasks to be carried out is maximized, thus minimizing the works at the point of final location, the module of the invention being also suitable for sea transport, being able to manipulate and stack the module as if it were an ISO container. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    At present, prefabricated modular construction is widely known where, from standardized sections, buildings of all kinds are manufactured in advance away from their destination, usually in a factory or workshop, to be subsequently moved and sent to their final location. for final positioning and assembly.
    In 2011, the American publishing company “McGraw Hill Construction” published a study carried out among professional architects, engineers, contractors and building developers, who supported the benefits of modular construction in terms of improving the speed of completion of construction, quality and safety are referred to, while the set of costs, material waste and the impact on the environment was perceived as significantly reduced. As a result, the number of buildings incorporating prefabricated systems or subsystems has increased by 86% in recent years.
    More particularly, within the prefabricated construction systems, one of those that has been developed with greater force is the one based on cold rolled steel profile structures, better known by its English name "Steel Framing", presenting a greater success and predominance in countries of Anglo-Saxon influence, USA, United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. Thus, the prefabricated modular construction in this type of steel structures can be classified into three categories, depending on their level of finishing in workshop or factory:
    -Prefabrication in the workshop of the parts, anchors and accessories of the structure, which are transported in containers to the destination point and final installation, being there, at the destination point, where the final construction of the module is subsequently carried out or edification. Very low level of construction finish in the workshop.
    -Prefabrication in workshop of walls, floors and ceilings, which are transported to the destination to proceed equally there with the construction of the module or building in question. Medium-low level of finishing.
    -Prefabrication in the workshop of modules, walls and ceilings, based on the “Steel Framing” construction with provisional structure in hot rolled steel to stiffen the structure, allow loading and unloading of the module, as well as lifting on site to its final position , and where once reached the destination point, new construction, assembly and installation work of said hot-rolled steel structure is required. Average level of construction finish.
    Therefore, within the modular construction system based on “Steel Framing”, several problems and inconveniences have been detected that are still unresolved today, among which are:
    -While it includes a partial finishing of the workshop construction, the current “Steel Framing” systems still require multiple construction jobs and tasks to be carried out at the final destination, with the economic costs that this entails in time, material and workforce.
    -On the other hand, the current “Steel Framing” structures are designed to withstand compression efforts, but not tensile. These last efforts appear in the loading and unloading of the modules in trucks, as well as in the lifting operations of the modules until their final positioning by means of cranes. That is why the intervention of a “temporary” non-permanent structure of hot-rolled steel is already known to allow these tasks to be carried out with guarantees. However, said provisional structure must be removed, modified and rebuilt at the final destination point, this aspect being clearly optimizable.
    -Also, there is currently a limitation as far as the transport of prefabricated modules is concerned, restricting their transport to the trucks, resulting therefore insufficient to commercialize the prefabricated modules in places where maritime transport would be needed for their displacement from the manufacturing workshops. That is why modular construction companies are limited to market their products only in relatively close environments, where the only means of transport available is the truck. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    By means of the present invention, the aforementioned drawbacks are solved, providing a prefabricated module for construction, which allows maximizing the completion and finishing in the workshop of the construction tasks of a building, minimizing the work to be done at the final location point thereof, the module of the invention being easily transportable and manageable, suitable for sea transport, being able to handle and stack it as if it were an ISO container, without the need to use ISO containers to house them. According to another object of the invention, a modular building is described formed by a plurality of modules of those described herein, either by the lateral attachment of modules or by stacking them for the conformation of several floors or building heights in question.
    The modular building resulting from the lateral and / or stacking of various modules of the mentioned ones can have the objective of serving both for homes and for hospitals, schools or any other type of building.
    More specifically, the prefabricated module of the invention comprises a support structure formed by a plurality of hot-formed steel profiles for vertical and horizontal lift, and which in turn define a plurality of interior compartments. In addition, the prefabricated module comprises a plurality of cold formed steel profiles, welded to the hot steel structure and performing the functions of "Steel Framing", stiffening the structure and serving as a support for floor, walls and ceiling.
    At this point it should be clarified that, when mention is made herein of "cold formed" profiles, it refers here to steel metal profiles obtained directly by bending from hydraulic deformation rollers on a steel strip until obtaining the desired shape, without the change in temperature of the steel. Multiple configurations of cold-formed profiles are known in the market (U, C, L, I, W, Z shapes, etc.). On the other hand, in the present specification, "hot-formed" steel profiles are understood as those profiles from blast furnaces, subjected to very high temperatures.
    In addition, for the final forming of walls, partitions, floors and ceilings, it is envisioned that the prefabricated module of the invention can incorporate among others: PVC waterproofing sheets; oriented chip boards (OSB panels); plasterboard plates; mineral wool layers for thermal and acoustic insulation, as well as an interior finish layer.
    Preferably the prefabricated module of the invention has a rectangular prismatic shape with corners at its ends, further comprising a plurality of corners, also known as "isocorners", coupled at the corners of the prefabricated module, and having lateral through holes to facilitate the mooring and hoisting tasks of the prefabricated module, usually by cranes.
    Therefore, in order to offer high quality at the lowest possible cost, the present invention focuses on minimizing work at the point of final location of the building, which implies that the prefabricated modules leave with the highest degree of finish possible workshop, thus minimizing the work at the destination. In this way, since the yields in workshops are far superior to those carried out at the destination, with a product validated and supervised by the quality departments of the workshops, only the jobs and minor tasks of positioning and coupling of the modules, as well as a final check of the correct assembly, connection, etc., carried out by lower qualified personnel, and therefore of lower cost. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
    Figure 1.- Shows a perspective view of the prefabricated module object of the invention, where its structure of cold formed steel profiles ("Steel Framing") can be seen.
    Figure 2.- Shows a side and plan view respectively of the prefabricated module of Figure 1.
    Figure 3.- Shows a plan view of a building made up of two prefabricated modules.
    Figure 4.- It shows a plan view of the building of figure 3, configured as a dwelling, where its different internal rooms can be seen.
    Figure 5.- Shows a plan view of a line of prefabricated modules laterally attached to each other.
    Figure 6.- It shows a front view of a building consisting of three floors, each consisting of a line of modules as shown in the figure
    5. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
    An example of a preferred embodiment is described below with reference to the aforementioned figures, without limiting or reducing the scope of protection of the present invention.
    Figures 1 and 2 show perspective, side and plan views of the prefabricated module of the invention, which in the present embodiment presents a rectangular configuration, and comprising:
    -a support structure formed by a plurality of hot-formed steel profiles (10) for vertical and horizontal support, and which in turn define a plurality of interior interiors,
    -a plurality of cold-formed steel profiles (20), welded to the hot steel structure (10) to form the support for walls, ceiling and floor of the different rooms of the prefabricated module and which in turn stiffen the structure (one).
    -a plurality of corners (30), shown more clearly in Figure 2, coupled at the corners of the prefabricated module (1), and having lateral through holes (31) to facilitate the tasks of mooring and lifting the prefabricated module (1), and
    - an auxiliary passage zone (40) configured to constitute a gallery or walkway, said auxiliary passage zone (40) being tied to the corners (30).
    In addition, it has been contemplated that the prefabricated module (1) described herein has such dimensions, weight and volume that make it suitable for shipping, therefore without requiring its insertion into ISO containers, as it has been done in the present. Thus, the prefabricated module (1) of the invention complies with the standards of the ISO shipping containers, allowing them to be stacked in port storage and / or the shipping itself (container ship).
    On the other hand, in figure 3 a plan view of a building consisting of two prefabricated modules (1) joined laterally to each other can be observed, with hot steel profiles (10), as well as cardboard layers - plasterboard (plasterboard) that would separate the different rooms and rooms from, in this case, a house, bedrooms, bathroom, living room, kitchen, etc., as shown in Figure 4, where the enclosures are already represented, doors, windows, terraces that you can incorporate.
    In said figures 3 and 4, the above-mentioned auxiliary passage zone (40) is shown on the right, and that in the position of final location of the dwelling it will constitute the corridor, gallery or common transit area for neighbors and / or pedestrians , being able to install a metal railing or similar to more clearly delimit said private access areas.
    Thus, as can be seen in Figure 5, the prefabricated module (1) of the invention is perfectly adapted to be attached or laterally attached to other modules, thus constituting a floor plan or height level of a building.
    Even more so, according to another object of the invention, a modular building (100) is described, as shown in Figure 6, comprised of a plurality of prefabricated modules (1) appended and stacked together in a secure manner, Fast and efficient Thus, the particular design, materials and configuration of the prefabricated modules (1) make it possible to construct the different heights of the buildings, by stacking them, without the need to install or attach additional structures that make the total costs more expensive and involve greater assembly time.
    Finally, the main improvements and advantages achieved by means of the prefabricated module for construction of the present invention are listed:
    -It allows to obtain a maximum level of completion and finishing of the prefabricated modules from its exit in the manufacturing workshop itself to the final point of destination. Thus, the modules are 100% completed from the workshop and already include the cold rolled structure (“Steel Framing”), so that only the positioning, mooring and coupling tasks remain at the final installation point of the modules.
    -It has no limitations on its transportation, generally restricted to trucks, as the prefabricated modules of the invention meet the standards and
    5 conditions of the ISO shipping and rail transport containers (dimensions, materials, strengths, etc.). Therefore, it is not necessary the use of containers, nor the insertion of the modules in them, because the modules themselves are suitable for safe transport, also allowing their stacking on one another.
    10 -The need to install additional elements or structures for the construction of different heights in multi-modular buildings is avoided, where the stacking of the modules of the invention is sufficient to lift several levels of height while maintaining safety guarantees, robustness and efficiency.
    15 -In relation to the existing halls and galleries within each floor of the buildings, it should be noted that the sections of distribution walkways are incorporated into the modules themselves, being tied to them through the corners themselves or “isocorners”.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1.-Prefabricated module (1) for construction comprising a support structure formed by a plurality of hot-formed steel profiles (10) for vertical and horizontal lift, and which in turn define a plurality of interior interiors, characterized by additionally comprising a plurality of cold-formed steel profiles (20), welded to the hot steel structure (10) to form the support for walls, ceiling and floor of the different rooms of the prefabricated module (1).
    [2]
    2. Prefabricated module (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a rectangular prismatic shape with corners at its ends.
    [3]
    3. Prefabricated module (1), according to claim 2, characterized in that it additionally comprises a plurality of corners (30) coupled at the corners of the prefabricated module (1), and having lateral through holes (31) to facilitate the tasks of mooring and lifting the prefabricated module (1).
    [4]
    4. Prefabricated module (1), according to claim 3, characterized in that it additionally comprises an auxiliary passage zone (40) configured to constitute a gallery or walkway, said auxiliary passage zone (40) being tied to the corners (30).
    [5]
    5. Prefabricated module (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has dimensions, weight and volume such that it is suitable for shipping, without the need for its insertion into ISO containers.
    [6]
    6. Modular building (100), comprising a plurality of prefabricated modules (1) described in any one of the preceding claims.
    10
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2551251B1|2016-09-08|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US4599829A|1983-08-25|1986-07-15|Tandemloc, Inc.|Modular container building system|
    US20070271857A1|2003-10-17|2007-11-29|Verbus Limited|Building Modules|
    US20100287848A1|2009-05-14|2010-11-18|Technostructur Inc.|Wall module, housing module and building made of such wall module|ES2761651A1|2018-11-19|2020-05-20|Buldain Pedro Rebollar|Industrialized unit |
    法律状态:
    2016-09-08| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2551251 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20160908 |
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    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201430707A|ES2551251B1|2014-05-14|2014-05-14|Prefabricated module for construction and associated modular building|ES201430707A| ES2551251B1|2014-05-14|2014-05-14|Prefabricated module for construction and associated modular building|
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